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AT89S52芯片 1

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低压电器；协同装配；基于规划的人工势场；自适应量子遗传算法；动态交互 1

光电隔离 1

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A miniature triaxial apparatus for investigating the micromechanics of granular soils with

Zhuang CHENG, Jianfeng WANG, Matthew Richard COOP, Guanlin YE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第2期页码 357-373 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0599-2

摘要： The development of a miniature triaxial apparatus is presented. In conjunction with an X-ray micro-tomography (termed as X-ray μCT hereafter) facility and advanced image processing techniques, this apparatus can be used for investigation of the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils under shear. The apparatus allows for triaxial testing of a miniature dry sample with a size of (diameter height). triaxial testing of a 0.4–0.8 mm Leighton Buzzard sand (LBS) under a constant confining pressure of 500 kPa is presented. The evolutions of local porosities (i.e., the porosities of regions associated with individual particles), particle kinematics (i.e., particle translation and particle rotation) of the sample during the shear are quantitatively studied using image processing and analysis techniques. Meanwhile, a novel method is presented to quantify the volumetric strain distribution of the sample based on the results of local porosities and particle tracking. It is found that the sample, with nearly homogenous initial local porosities, starts to exhibit obvious inhomogeneity of local porosities and localization of particle kinematics and volumetric strain around the peak of deviatoric stress. In the post-peak shear stage, large local porosities and volumetric dilation mainly occur in a localized band. The developed triaxial apparatus, in its combined use of X-ray μCT imaging techniques, is a powerful tool to investigate the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils.

关键词： triaxial apparatus X-ray μCT in situ test micro-scale mechanical behavior granular soils

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A multi-probe micro-fabrication apparatus based on the friction-induced fabrication method

Zhijiang WU, Chenfei SONG, Jian GUO, Bingjun YU, Linmao QIAN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第8卷第4期页码 333-339 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0276-4

摘要：

A novel multi-probe micro-fabrication apparatus was developed based on the friction-induced fabrication method. The main parts of the apparatus include actuating device, loading system, and control system. With a motorized linear stage, the maximum fabrication area of 50 mm × 50 mm can be achieved, and the maximum sliding speed of probes can be as high as 10 mm/s. Through locating steel micro balls into indents array, the preparation of multi-probe array can be realized by a simple and low-cost way. The cantilever was designed as a structure of deformable parallelogram with two beams, by which the fabrication force can be precisely controlled. Combining the friction-induced scanning with selective etching in KOH solution, various micro-patterns were fabricated on Si(100) surface without any masks or exposure. As a low-cost and high efficiency fabrication device, the multi-probe micro-fabrication apparatus may encourage the development of friction-induced fabrication method and shed new light on the texture engineering.

关键词： friction-induced fabrication silicon surface texture friction multi-probe

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Optimum design and preliminary experiments of a novel parallel end traction apparatus for upper-limb

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第4期页码 726-746 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0651-5

摘要： Robot-assisted technology has been increasingly employed in the therapy of post stroke patients to deliver high-quality treatment and alleviate therapists’ burden. This paper introduces a novel parallel end traction apparatus (PETA) to supplement equipment selection. Considering the appearance and performance of the PETA, two types of special five-bar linkage mechanisms are selected as the potential configurations of the actuation execution unit because of their compact arrangement and parallel structure. Kinematic analysis of each mechanism, i.e., position solutions and Jacobian matrix, is carried out. Subsequently, a comparative study between the two mechanisms is conducted. In the established source of nondimensional parameter synthesis, the singularity, maximum continuous workspace, and performance variation trends are analyzed. Based on the evaluation results, the final scheme with determined configuration and corresponding near-optimized nondimensional parameters is obtained. Then, a prototype is constructed. By adding a lockable translational degree of freedom in the vertical direction, the PETA can provide 2D planar exercise and 3D spatial exercise. Finally, a control system is developed for passive exercise mode based on the derived inverse position solution, and preliminary experiments are performed to verify the applicability of the PETA.

关键词： parallel mechanism upper-limb rehabilitation singularity and workspace analyses performance evaluation optimum design

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Near-infrared fluorescent probe for fast track of cyclooxygenase-2 in Golgi apparatus in cancer cells

Bhaskar Gurram, Miao Li, Jiangli Fan, Jingyun Wang, Xiaojun Peng

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第1期页码 41-52 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1796-1

摘要： Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been used as an excellent traceable biomarker, and exists maximally in Golgi apparatus (Cancer cells). Celecoxib (CCB) is a selective inhibitor for COX-2, and has been used as one of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Herein we report the conjugation of nile blue (NB) with CCB via a six-carbon linkage to form a fluorescence probe NB-C6-CCB for the detection of COX-2. NB-C6-CCB displays strong fluorescence with the emission peak centered at near-infrared wavelength (700 nm) in tumor cells or tumor tissues with high expression of COX-2. Importantly, NB-C6-CCB can discriminate cancer cells (MCF-7) fluorescence intensity from normal ones (COS-7) in the co-culture medium under confocal microscope. Subcellular localization of the NB-C6-CCB preferentially points to the Golgi apparatus and increases the fluorescent intensity. The competitive analysis (with CCB) and Native-PAGE analysis confirmed that NB-C6-CCB shows selective binding affinity towards COX-2 enzyme. Competitive analysis with CCB (flow cytometry assay) revealed the fluorescence intensity fluctuation due to pretreatment of CCB with different concentrations, indicating that the NB-C6-CCB is a precise or sensitive probe for the COX-2. Tumor tissue (depth: 500 µm), organs and mice imaging tests show excellent near-infrared visualization, specific localization and identification of tumors.

关键词： cyclooxygenase-2 nile blue CCB Golgi apparatus NIR imaging

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Kawai型碳化钨多面砧压机的压力突破 Review

Takayuki Ishii, 刘兆东, Tomoo Katsura

《工程（英文）》 2019年第5卷第3期页码 434-440 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.01.013

摘要：

在众多领域中都需要扩大Kawai型碳化钨（tungsten carbide, WC）多面砧压机的压力范围，尤其是在地球科学领域。然而，40年来，在压力产生方面没有取得重大进展。我们最近的研究已经将采用碳化钨压砧的Kawai型多面砧压机的压力产生范围扩大到65 GPa，这是该装置高压产生范围的世界纪录，比传统压力产生范围增大了2.5倍以上。我们还成功地在高温下产生了约50 GPa的压力。本文回顾了我们最近发展的高压技术。室温和高温下高压的产生是通过以下技术的结合来实现的：①精确对准的滑块系统；②高硬度的二级压砧；③二级砧面锥形化；④由高体积模量材料组成的高压腔体；⑤炉体隔热性高。我们的高压技术将有助于研究在下地幔上部条件下材料的相稳定性和物理性质，并且能够合成和表征新材料。

关键词：高压多面砧压机碳化钨压砧烧结的金刚石压砧下地幔

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A new method of studying collapsibility of loess

Yuanqing ZHU , Zhenghan CHEN ,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 305-311 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0040-3

摘要： A new triaxial testing system that could control suction in wetting-induced collapsible tests was successfully developed to study the suction effects on wetting-induced collapsible deformation. The pedestal of the triaxial cell was made up of two parts, and the equipment not only could control suction but also could make water accessible to soil. A pressure/volume-controlled equipment was combined with the triaxial system to measure the water volume absorbed by samples accurately and to add pressure on water to filtrate into the sample. The apparatus could measure volume change precisely and keep the deviator stress unvaried, as well as measure the volume of water filtrating into the samples exactly. A triaxial collapsible testing procedure was described using the new apparatus for undisturbed collapsible loess with controlled suction. Furthermore, a series of double triaxial collapsible tests were conducted under different suctions and the same net cell pressure, and tests under different net cell pressures and the same suction were also done. It was indicated that the collapsible deformation increased with the increasing suction, and the effect of the net cell pressure on collapsible deformation was remarkable. The new triaxial apparatus was a useful facility to study the collapsible behavior of loess.

关键词： triaxial apparatus for collapsible soils controlled suction pressure/volume controlled equipment double triaxial collapsible test single triaxial collapsible test

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Effect of size on biaxial flexural strength for cement-based materials by using a triangular plate method

Hakan T TURKER

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第8期页码 1017-1028 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0871-8

摘要： The effect of size on the biaxial flexural strength (BFS) of Portland cement mortar was investigated by using the recently proposed triangular plate method (TPM). An experimental program was conceived to study the size effect by keeping a constant water-cement ratio of 0.485, cement-sand ratio of 1:2.75, and using unreinforced triangular mortar plates of five different thicknesses and seven different side lengths. The BFS of the produced specimens was tested, and variations of BFS depending on specimen thickness and side length were determined. The results indicated that increases in triangular plate specimen side length and specimen thickness led to a decrease in the BFS of Portland cement mortar. The effect of specimen length increase on BFS was more significant than on the effect of the specimen thickness. The variations in specimens’ thickness indicated a deterministic Type I size effect, while the variations in specimens’ length showed an energetic-statistical Type I size effect.

关键词： testing apparatus & methods plain concrete tensile properties biaxial flexural strength triangular plate method

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Diagnosis and therapy of lacrimal system diseases by micro lacrimal endoscope

Nan XIANG, Weikun HU, Jing YUAN, Guigang LI, Haixia LIU

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 113-117 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0001-1

摘要： The lacrimal endoscope is applied to the diagnosis and therapy of the disorders of the lacrimal system in combination with laser or micro drills under orthophoria. The changes of mucous membranes, the characteristics of pathological changes and the predilection sites of lacrimal system diseases were initially approached. One hundred and forty six pairs of eyes of 128 patients with lacrimal system disease were observed by the lacrimal endoscope in the Ophthalmology Department of Tongji Hospital from June 2006 to March 2007. The dynamic changes in mucous membranes, lesion sites, secreted substances and formation of membrane could be observed under orthophoria. Combined with laser or micro drill, the endoscope was applied to the therapy of lacrimal system disorders and the difference before and after the treatment was observed. Results are as follows: (1) The examination and therapy using the lacrimal endoscope were completed under topical anesthesia in 122 patients, and 6 patients of neonatorum dacryocystitis were examined and treated under general anaesthesia. All patients reported painless. (2) Sharp images of the lacrimal system were obtained by the endoscope. Normal lacrimal mucosal membrane was smooth and light pink, expanded and unobstructed during irrigation. In chronic dacryocystitis patients, the inhomogeneous colour of mucosal membranes was red and white, with different degrees of fibrotic membranes at the superior, middle and inferior parts of the nasolacrimal canals and secreted substances at sac could be observed. The lacrimal ducts could not be expanded and obstructed during irrigation. The patients with lacrimal system obstruction had different extents of membrane formation, and stenosis or complete obstruction of the lacrimal duct could be observed, and the corresponding mucosal membrane was not smooth which could not be expanded and obstructed during irrigation. (3) After the treatment by the endoscope combined with laser or micro drill, the major proliferation of the membrane disappeared and the lacrimal duct was unobstructed during irrigation. The cure rate and effective rate were 80.1% and 93.1%, respectively. The lacrimal endoscope is a new method in the diagnosis of lacrimal system diseases. Through a combination with laser or micro drill to carry out the therapy under orthophoria, it will bring a great change to the diagnosis and therapy of lacrimal system diseases.

关键词： lacrimal apparatus diseases endoscopes

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Observation of premixed flame fronts by laser tomography

MU Kejin, WANG Yue, LEI Yu, ZHANG Zhedian, NIE Chaoqun, XIAO Yunhan

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 427-432 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0069-3

摘要： The principle of combustion field detection by using laser tomography, as well as exploitation of the laser tomography apparatus and the tool for image processing is described. An experiment detecting flame fronts by laser tomography was made by employing a V-shaped premixed flame. The results show that the instantaneous geometric shape of flame wrinkles within the light sheet can be clearly resolved. The contours of the flame fronts are precisely tracked through active contour models (ACM) from the digital images of laser tomography, laying the basis for the quantitative analysis of flame wrinkling and propagation.

关键词： combustion tomography apparatus processing exploitation propagation

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木块在小尺寸轰燃实验中的点燃及预测模型

季经纬,宋虎,杨立中,范维澄

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第7期页码 62-66

摘要：

利用小尺寸轰燃实验台对松木和杉木的点燃性能进行了研究。该实验台能够提供接近实际火灾的燃烧环境，实验具有较好的可重复性。在锥形量热计实验的基础上提出了一种新的材料热辐射引燃判据。采用实验测得的轰燃实验台上层热烟气温度的平均值，结合热辐射引燃判据计算了木材在轰燃实验台中的点燃情况。

关键词：轰燃木材点燃

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MST-S型摩托车道路试验仪设计与研制

贾贵玺,徐伟,李洪凤,齐炜

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第4期页码 74-78

摘要：

介绍了自行设计研制的MST-S型摩托车道路试验仪，该仪器运用光电传感原理，以AT89S52中央处理器为内核，通过在试验道路上设置光电反光器，在线检测出摩托车穿过此段距离的时间，计算出摩托车行驶中的各种参数，并存储于非挥发性时间管理储存芯片DS1642。MST-S采用了车载式燃油流量计，可准确完成油耗试验。测量中引入查询与中断结合方式以截取不同时间间隔，采用抗干扰技术提高仪器可靠性和测量精度，减小了测量误差。

关键词： AT89S52芯片 DS1642芯片在线检测光电隔离

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低压断路器和漏电保护电器的可靠性研究

陆俭国

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第6期页码 36-40

摘要：

阐述了低压断路器和漏电保护电器等低压保护类电器可靠性研究的重要性、科学意义及其社会效益，介绍了国际上权威学术机构IEEE在该方面所做工作的概况，指出了开展该方面研究工作的难度与创新意义；重点分析了低压断路器和漏电保护电器的故障模式，在此基础上，在国内外首次提出了其可靠性指标与可靠性验证试验方案，为我国电器行业开展低压保护类电器的可靠性工作提出了理论依据与具体方法。

关键词：故障模式可靠性指标可靠性验证试验方案

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LKP1000型可移动式抛丸机的设计、实验及施工运用

周畅,阚嵘,周毅,姜琴,朱亮

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第8期页码 84-88

摘要：

抛丸工艺是一种利用丸料对材料表面的高速冲击进行表面处理的相关工艺。为使抛丸机的工作效率与工艺更加优化，本研究通过数学分析并经过实验机验证调整设计新型的抛丸机。对抛丸机关键零部件尺寸及位置进行优化设计与讨论，通过实验调整抛头、定向套的位置和角度使抛丸宽幅达到1 000 mm，同时保证最佳的抛丸效果。

关键词：抛丸机抛丸器表面处理实验机抛丸宽幅抛丸效果

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工程过程中分子间和表面间相互作用 Review

张嘉文, 曾宏波

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第1期页码 63-83 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.08.017

摘要：

在复杂流体中，化学试剂、固体颗粒、气泡、液滴和固体表面间的相互作用在许多工程过程中起着至关重要的作用，如泡沫浮选、乳液和泡沫形成、吸附、污垢、防污现象等。这些在分子、纳米和微观尺度上的相互作用显著地影响并决定了相关工程过程的宏观性能和效率。理解工程过程中的分子间和表面间相互作用具有基础和实际意义，这不仅改善了生产技术，而且为新材料的开发提供了有价值的见解。本文首先介绍了各种工程过程中涉及的典型分子间和表面间相互作用，包括Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek（DLVO）相互作用（即范德华相互作用和双电层相互作用）和非DLVO相互作用（如空间位阻和疏水相互作用）。本文简要介绍了用于测量复杂流体中分子间和表面间相互作用力的原子力显微镜和表面力仪等纳米力学技术；综述了近年来我们对矿物浮选、石油工程、废水处理、储能材料这些工程体系中分子间和表面间相互作用的研究进展；讨论了这些基本相互作用机制与解决工程挑战中的实际应用之间的相关性，并对未来的研究领域进行前景展望。

关键词：分子间和表面间相互作用胶体乳液界面科学工程过程原子力显微镜表面力仪

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面向低压电器的协同装配方法 Research Article

吕焕培1,2,张立彬1,谭大鹏1,胥芳1

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第6期页码 890-905 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100423

摘要：低压电器设备由较多零部件组成，结构较为复杂，其现有装配方法多是刚性、劳动密集和低平衡的装配工艺过程，不能随装配环境变化迅速改变。本文提出一种面向低压电器的协同装配方法。首先，根据协同装配的性能要求，构建着色Petri网模型，以分析协同装配中各机器人的自治性能和交互特性。其次，在装配控制中提出一种基于规划的人工势场算法（artificial potential field based planning algorithm, AFPA），以实现低压电器设备协同装配中机器人静态全局规划和动态交互控制，并引入自适应量子遗传算法（adaptive quantum genetic algorithm, AQGA）对整个装配过程进行平衡优化。最后，以带漏电保护装置的二相断路器为例，对协同装配方法进行模拟分析。结果表明，低压电器装配中，协同装配方法具有较好的成本效益和柔性，同时装配资源得到较好分配。装配机器人能够相互间动态交互以适应低压电器设备装配中的变化。

关键词：低压电器；协同装配；基于规划的人工势场；自适应量子遗传算法；动态交互

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标题作者时间类型操作

A miniature triaxial apparatus for investigating the micromechanics of granular soils with

Zhuang CHENG, Jianfeng WANG, Matthew Richard COOP, Guanlin YE

期刊论文

A multi-probe micro-fabrication apparatus based on the friction-induced fabrication method

Zhijiang WU, Chenfei SONG, Jian GUO, Bingjun YU, Linmao QIAN

期刊论文

Optimum design and preliminary experiments of a novel parallel end traction apparatus for upper-limb

期刊论文

Near-infrared fluorescent probe for fast track of cyclooxygenase-2 in Golgi apparatus in cancer cells